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Characterological Structure   Passion: Anger Resentment at failure to meet their perfectionistic standards, vehement "righteous indignation", largely unexpressed hatefulness. Standing against reality.   Fixation: Perfectionism The compensation for an i...

Quick links: Recent Updates | Wiki guidelines | FAQs (How do I become an editor) | Templates | Test page Typology Starterpack MBTI and Cognitive Functions History and Development Show all[summary] History and Development of Cognitive Functions & MBTI  J...

Callouts Callouts are used on the top of a page to indicate the page status: How to add callouts: Click Formats > Callouts to add them This article may have been copied and pasted from another location. This article has been reviewed and is now locked Thi...

What to write Beginner-friendly typology content that can help improve the quality of consensus vote on PDB. Different opinions on controversial topics. Advanced typology content for people who wish to learn more about typology. Other content of value to...

Tests It is a popular assertion on PDB that Four Letter tests are much less reliable than alternative methods of deducing one's Four Letter type. Is there a solid basis to this claim or is it merely an unexamined communal belief? A kind of "received wisdom"? ...

The Sanguine Temperament is Fast-Paced, Optimistic, and Idealistic. This makes the focused on having fun in new and exciting ways. They are also often very talkative and social, thus their nickname "The Socializer" Associated with Happiness, Yellow, Air, and ...

The Phlegmatic Temperament is Slow-Paced, Optimistic, and Realistic. This makes them focused on enjoying the small comforts of life peacefully. They are also often seen as very peaceful as a whole, thus their nickname "The Peacekeeper". Associated with Calmne...

Superior Function   Suppresses as far as possible the objective element of the sense impression. Values the subjective impression released by the object rather than the object itself, of which the individual may hardly be aware. Sees things highly colore...

Superior Function Extroverted Intuition (Ne) is: An Objective, Irrational, Intuitive cognitive function. Ne doesn't perceive what the object's concrete qualities are, but instead, what the object's inherent abstract implications are; focusing on the potenti...

Superior Function   Uses the objective situation in the interests of the inner understanding. Regards the immediate situation as a prison from which escape is urgently necessary and aims to escape through some sweeping change in the subjective understandi...

Superior Function   Is fed from objective data—facts and borrowed ideas. Depends upon the facts of experience and regards the abstract idea as unsubstantial and of negligible importance. Relies on facts outside of the thinker, which are more decisive tha...

Is fed from subjective and unconscious roots—archetypes. Depends upon the abstract idea as the decisive factor, and values facts chiefly as illustrative proofs of the idea. Relies on the thinker's powers of observation and appreciation and use of the inner...

Superior Function   Extroverted Feeling (Fe) is: A Rational, Objective, Feeling cognitive function. Extraverted Feeling seeks to judge the value of objects based on objective factors, while completely suppressing the subject. That means assigning value to ...

Introverted Feeling (Fi) is: A Subjective, Rational, Feeling cognitive function. Introverted Feeling seeks to judge the value of objects based on subjective factors, while completely suppressing the influence of the object. That means assigning value to obje...

From PDB Discussion Boards.  First in order to understand the difference we need to differentiate Introversion and Extroversion in cognitive functions. (I promise this is relevant to understand Fe/Fi; please keep reading.) Introversion is subjective and re...

From PDB Discussion Boards. Ti makes reason/logic-based judgements using personal, subjective measures as a basis. it finds the most fulfillment in acting according to a logical system which applies to oneself and their context, i.e. what works for me. Te ...

Irrational Irrationality refers to that which accords with randomity. As I make use of this term it does not denote something contrary to reason, but something outside the province of reason, whose essence, therefore, is not established by reason. Elementa...

From PDB Discussion Boards.  Si: Personalised attachment to the object. How it reminds us of a life that has been imprinted in the object. How the object is part of someone's life. It is determined through the personal sense of how the object stimulates the...